Pest Control

Ants

Ants generally become a problem in houses and other buildings when their nests have become disturbed after rain, or conversely, during dry weather to look for water.  Poor household hygiene and pet bowls also draw them indoors.  Outside conditions such as sandy areas, pavers and garden pots also are favourable conditions for ants.

About Ants

Ants are social insects which live in nests.  The nests vary in size depending on their age and the species of ant.  They are generally found in the ground, in wood or under rocks, although ants can also nest in walls, fireplaces, under paths and in buildings.  They are most active from October to March.

Although ants are environmentally important, some can also be pests to people.  Their nests and the ants themselves may be considered unsightly and they may kill or damage seeds or seedlings.  Some ants bite or sting e.g. the bull ant.  Ants can also cause damage to houseplants, nursery plants and crops by the cultivation of sap sucking insects such as scale and aphids.  Ants use the honeydew produced by these pests as a food source and in turn protect the sucking insect from attack by predators.

Bed Bugs

Bed Bugs can not only be a problem at home, but also in places with numerous beds and visitors such as Hotels, Motels, Back-Packer Lodges, Caravan Parks and Boarding Schools.

Bed Bugs are usually found in unhygienic conditions inside bedrooms as their name implies.  They have a flattened appearance before a blood feed and are about five millimetres long with the look of a rather wide flea, reddish brown in colour.  They hide under the buttons and in creases of old mattresses, behind wallpaper, skirting boards and cracks in the floor.  They are wingless so they can’t fly or jump like the flea.

They are active during the night and have been known to drop from ceilings onto beds.  They can survive without a blood feed for up to a year.  Bites can cause welts to appear on the skin with three rows of puncture marks being characteristic.  Itchiness and irritation affect some people more than others.

Bees & Wasps

Very protective of their nests, wasps will defend against invaders with painful stings.  The common bee sting, while harmless to most people, can be very  painful.

What’s the difference?

Though bees and European wasps are of a similar size and shape, you will easily be able to differentiate between the two by their colours.

European Wasps are bright yellow and black with bright yellow legs.  European wasps are predominantly black on their front half, with bright yellow markings and predominantly bright yellow on their back half with black stripes and black dots between the stripes, down each side of the abdomen (sometimes joining the stripes).  European wasps also have longer, thicker antennae than bees.

Bees display a dull shade of yellow or a golden brown colour.  Bees also have black stripes around their body, however bees do not have the black dot characteristics of the European wasp.  Unlike the European wasp that has yellow legs, bees have black legs.  This is probably the easiest way to differentiate between the two.

European Wasps can nest in various cavities, walls, ceilings and trees to name a few.  However the most likely place for a European wasp nest to occur is in the ground.  These nests are easily sighted due to the constant European wasp activity above the nest.  However the nest holes could be well hidden amongst vegetation.

Bees often nest in tree or wall cavities and can nest in compost bins and cavities such as old suitcases.  Bees, like European wasps, are not aggressive and will go about their day to day duties unless they feel threatened or are under attack.  Try to avoid the flight path of swarming bees and wasps.  Both bees and wasps are best left to their own devices.

Beetles

Several beetles are common pests and often occur anywhere food is stored.

Carpet Beetles

There are two different species of Carpet Beetle which are fabric pests, the Variegated Carpet Beetle and the Black Carpet Beetle.

It is only the larva of these species that feeds on fabrics such as woollen carpets (they do not attack synthetic carpets), fur, silk and feathers etc.  The adults feed on pollen from flowers.  Bringing fresh flowers into a building that contain the adult beetles is often the origin of the infestation.

They can fly and are attracted to light, often found clustered near windows.  The larva eat small round holes in curtains, tapestry and clothes.

Variegated Carpet Beetle

Adult: A number of different patterns and colours, but in general between 2-3mm long with a mottled pattern of white, brown and yellow scales with fine long greyish-yellow scales underneath.  A rounded shape.  Lays 40 eggs maturing in 4 months.

Larva: At maturity 8mm long, tapering to the rear with long hairs.  The larva is tapered with short tufts of hair at the front the widest and short tufts of hair at the rear cover the body.

Black Carpet Beetle 

Adult: Is a black/brown colour with an oval shape with brownish legs, between 3-5mm long.  Female very prolific, laying 50 to 100 eggs over 3 weeks and maturing in 1 year.

Larva: At maturity 4-5mm long with a series of light and dark brown stripes.

Cockroaches

Cockroaches can spread germs, make allergies Cockroaches can wreak havoc on your home.  To win the war in cockroach control, here’s what you should know:

Entry: Cockroaches can enter your home in many different ways, from the outside through cracks and crevices, vents, sewer and drain pipes.  We even bring them in on products like grocery bags, boxes, purses and on our person!

Ideal environment: Your home is an ideal breeding ground most species of cockroaches.  With plenty of food, warmth, water and nesting sites, they can remain active all year round.

Reproduction: Cockroaches reproduce quickly.  For every one you see there can be many, many more hiding and multiplying behind your walls.

Evasiveness: Because cockroaches are nocturnal, if you’ve seen one, you probably haven’t seen them all.  The few cockroaches you see by day could mean they were likely forced out by overcrowding; a possible sign of severe infestation.

Allergies/Asthma: The dust created by cast-off cockroach skins, dead bodies and droppings can aggravate allergies, especially in children and sensitive individuals.

Do-it-yourself ineffectiveness: Cockroaches are better at hiding than you are at finding them, and their eggs are naturally protected from insecticides.  Without special equipment, materials and know-how, cockroach control can be a losing battle.

Fleas

Fleas feed on human blood through small bites in the skin.  They can jump from your carpet up to your ankles and calves.

There are approximately 70-80 species of fleas in Australia (Order Syphonaptera), the most common being the cat flea and the dog flea.

They are 1-6mm in length and black or brown in colour.  The cat flea is far the more common species, with this parasite being found upon both dogs & cats.   They are usually cat fleas that their pet has deposited on the ground.  All fleas are blood-sucking parasites and they need a living host in order to survive.

Fleas are wingless insects with a laterally flattened body, hairy with hooks on their legs to move easily through and to grip onto the fur of their hosts.  They have very powerful hind legs that have a rubber-like resin in their joints. When they compress these legs and release them, they are catapulted into the air, by as much as 20cms up & 35cm horizontally-150 times their own length!  That is comparable to a person jumping onto Uluru.

Flies

Flies carry more than 100 pathogens that can cause dangerous diseases in humans and animals.

More than 100 pathogens are associated with the house fly including: Salmonella,StaphylococcusE. coli and Shigella.  These pathogens can cause disease in humans and animals, including: typhoid fever, cholera, bacillary dysentery, hepatitis, ophthalmia, polio, tuberculosis and infantile diarrhea.  Sanitation is critical to controlling these pests, but accurate identification is essential for successful fly control.

Here are some other things you should know about flies and fly control:

  • Depending on the species, the life expectancy of a fly is eight days to two months, or in some cases, up to a year.
  • Flies plague every part of the world except the polar ice caps.
  • One pair of flies can produce more than 1 million offspring in as little as six to eight weeks.
  • As many as 33 million microorganisms may flourish in a single fly’s gut, while a half-billion more swarm over its body and legs.
  • Flies spread diseases readily because they move quickly from rotting, disease-laden garbage to exposed exposed human foods and utensils.
  • Because they only have two wings, flies land often and therefore can deposit thousands of bacteria each time they land.
  • Flies contaminate or destroy $10 billion worth of agricultural products.

For every fly seen, there are an estimated 19 more hidden from view.  This means humans don’t even see most of the flies present at an infestation.

Rodents

Because rodents multiply so quickly, just a few can lead to an out-of-control infestation.

Rats and mice are, next to man, the most successful animals on earth in terms of abundance and diversity.  Man has unwittingly help their spread throughout the word by exploration and his own success.  However, they have in some circumstances become his worst enemy.

Billions of dollars each year is lost by contamination of food by rodent droppings, urine and hair.  Rodents destroy much more food than they could possibly eat, and their chewing habits have been responsible for causing fires.

Rodents’ instincts make them difficult to control, and they present a serious menace to your home.

Rats

Instincts: Rats are instinctively wary of rat control measures such as traps and bait, and colonise in attics, burrows, under concrete and porches, in wall voids and other hard to reach places.

Disease: Rats can harbour and transmit a number of serious diseases.  They can also introduce disease-carrying parasites such as fleas, lice and ticks into your home.

Breeding: Within a year a rat can have between thirty and eighty offspring, depending on the species -one pair could generate fifteen thousand rats in their life span.

Rats can squeeze through a hole the size of a 20 cent piece, fall 20 metre’s with no injury, tread water for 3 days, eat all sorts of food and survive an atomic bomb test.

Mice

Access: They invade your home seeking food, water and warmth.  Without mouse control intervention, one pair of mice may produce 200 offspring in four months.

Contamination: Each mouse can contaminate much more food than it eats.

Silverfish

 Found in areas of high humidity, silverfish eat through paper and other household items.

Silverfish are a small, wingless insect measuring normally 20mm or less in length.  They have three tails or cerci and their body is covered in tiny silver scales.

It’s name comes from it’s silvery blue colour along with it’s fish-like appearance and movements.  Silverfish are commonly found outdoors under bark, rocks, leaf and plant compost, in soil and animal burrows.

They also can live inside homes in dark, humid, crevice-ridden environments – especially bathrooms (take away these elements and it will not be able to survive).  They feed on fungi and plant materials.  In homes they like to feed on starch rich substances such as paper, book bindings, wallpaper glue and sometimes photographs.

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Spiders

Not only are their webs a nuisance around the house, but spiders can inflict painful, sometimes dangerous bites.

Spiders! Lethal and dangerous.

 They are among the first creatures to come out of the sea some 400 million years ago. There are more than 2000 species of spiders in Australia.  They spread from treetops to caves, from seashores to deserts.  There are some that even hunt in rivers.  As with snakes, Australia houses some of the most poisonous spiders in the world. There is very little known about the majority of Australian spiders and their toxins.  ALL spiders should be treated with respect.  Even those less venomous can inflict a painful bite.

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